Honoré Victorin Daumier was born in February 1808, in Marseille, France. His father was a glazier, who moved to Paris in order to pursue his literary aspirations and be published as a poet. At age 8, young Daumier and his mother would follow his father to Paris. Although Daumier displayed a keen inclination towards art already at a young age, his father placed him to work first as an errand boy and later a bookseller.
...Honoré Daumier
Honoré Victorin Daumier was born in February 1808, in Marseille, France. His father was a glazier, who moved to Paris in order to pursue his literary aspirations and be published as a poet. At age 8, young Daumier and his mother would follow his father to Paris. Although Daumier displayed a keen inclination towards art already at a young age, his father placed him to work first as an errand boy and later a bookseller.
At 14 years old, Daumier became a protégé of the distinguished French archeologist Marie Alexandre Lenoir, who was also an artist and a friend of his father. In the following year, he enrolled at the Académie Suisse. He also worked for a publisher and lithographer named Belliard, with whom he made his first lithography print attempts.
Once he mastered the medium of lithography, Daumier would begin his artistic career by producing illustrations for advertisements and sheet music prints for music publishers. Many of these works were anonymous for publishers, and in this case, he would emulate the style of Charlet. Daumier showed a keen enthusiasm and interest in the Napoleonic legend. After the French Revolution in 1830, he began creating art that expressed his political beliefs.
Charles Philipon created a comic journal called La Caricature, which had Daumier in his staff, alongside other influential artists, such as Raffet, Achille-Jacques-Jean-Marie Devéria, and Jean-Jacques Grandville. The publication was very poignant to target the government incompetence, the law corruption, and the bourgeoisie. The critical nature was such that Daumier would even be arrested for his lithograph entitled Gargantua, which depicted a caricature of the King. Soon after, the publication was discontinued. However, Philipon founded the Le Charivari, a new edition which was able to employ Daumier again.
Daumier was an outstandingly prolific artist, executing not only a wide array of lithographs and caricatures but also excelled as a painter. Since in his lithographs work, the artist had a rather down-to-earth approach, as they focused more on political commentary, his paintings were not so much different. Daumier was one of the pioneers regarding the use of realistic subjects, displaying a point of view very critical of class distinctions.
Although he was highly respected and celebrated by his lithographs and caricatures, his paintings, sadly, would only receive their deserved recognition one year prior to his death, when Daumier was almost completely blind.
Daumier died with 70 years of age in the city of Valmondois, France, in February 1879.
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